由于在(zai)(zai)(zai)戶外、室內(nei)等區(qu)域(yu)，無線(xian)(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)信(xin)號(hao)強度較(jiao)弱，而且采用(yong)頻(pin)率調制技(ji)術(shu)（如 MHZ、 NMR、 BSI等）產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)信(xin)號(hao)傳輸時延大，傳輸距(ju)離遠(yuan)。因(yin)此有(you)(you)線(xian)(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)不適合在(zai)(zai)(zai)戶外環(huan)境(jing)使用(yong)，特(te)(te)別是在(zai)(zai)(zai)冬天及低(di)風速季節(jie)使用(yong)。雖然(ran)無線(xian)(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)也有(you)(you)著(zhu)不錯的(de)效果。但由于系(xi)統(tong)(tong)工(gong)作(zuo)時會有(you)(you)一定(ding)的(de)干擾，使對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)效果下降，另(ling)外在(zai)(zai)(zai)信(xin)號(hao)較(jiao)弱時對(dui)用(yong)戶語音產(chan)生(sheng)了影響。特(te)(te)別是在(zai)(zai)(zai)人員復雜、通信(xin)距(ju)離較(jiao)短(duan)或需(xu)要(yao)較(jiao)長時間使用(yong)時。因(yin)此，更(geng)需(xu)要(yao)有(you)(you)一個(ge)可靠的(de)無線(xian)(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)提供與有(you)(you)線(xian)(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)一樣的(de)語音信(xin)息與控制。無線(xian)(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)具有(you)(you)很高的(de)靈活性，它(ta)能夠(gou)滿足現場(chang)中所有(you)(you)環(huan)境(jing)使用(yong)需(xu)求并能隨(sui)時切換(huan)（如在(zai)(zai)(zai)野外、戶外電話等),用(yong)戶可以在(zai)(zai)(zai)任何地點(dian)使用(yong)、隨(sui)時、隨(sui)地進行通訊。使用(yong)方便、節(jie)省成本(ben)、節(jie)約費用(yong)。下面我(wo)們來了解(jie)一下無線(xian)(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)它(ta)主(zhu)要(yao)是什么優點(dian)？

1.性能穩定，可(ke)靠(kao)性高

在(zai)相同(tong)無(wu)線(xian)(xian)傳(chuan)輸距離下(xia)，無(wu)線(xian)(xian)傳(chuan)輸信(xin)號(hao)更(geng)穩定(ding)由于使(shi)(shi)(shi)用了(le)功率放大(da)器(qi)來對無(wu)線(xian)(xian)信(xin)號(hao)進(jin)行(xing)壓縮(suo)和放大(da)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)線(xian)(xian)信(xin)號(hao)更(geng)加穩定(ding)可靠。無(wu)線(xian)(xian)信(xin)號(hao)在(zai)弱(ruo)電磁環(huan)境下(xia)也能(neng)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)較好(hao)(hao)的性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)。無(wu)線(xian)(xian)對講系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)具有發(fa)射功率小、抗千擾(rao)能(neng)力強(與(yu)有線(xian)(xian)對講系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)比較)和抗電磁干(gan)擾(rao)能(neng)力強(與(yu)有線(xian)(xian)對講系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)比較)的特點(dian)。無(wu)線(xian)(xian)對講系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)發(fa)射信(xin)號(hao)在(zai)發(fa)射前(qian)和發(fa)射后均能(neng)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)良好(hao)(hao)的性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)用過程中，發(fa)射信(xin)號(hao)與(yu)接(jie)收信(xin)號(hao)完(wan)全不受任何千擾(rao)，可保(bao)持(chi)(chi)很好(hao)(hao)的穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)，具有良好(hao)(hao)的抗千擾(rao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和抗低頻干(gan)擾(rao)能(neng)力，即使(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)惡劣的環(huan)境下(xia)也能(neng)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)較好(hao)(hao)的性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)。因此無(wu)線(xian)(xian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)有較高的可靠性(xing)(xing)(xing)。

2.功(gong)耗小(xiao)、不受天(tian)氣、濕(shi)度的影響(xiang)

無(wu)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系統(tong)在(zai)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境中，無(wu)線(xian)通(tong)信(xin)設(she)(she)備(bei)和有線(xian)通(tong)信(xin)設(she)(she)備(bei)一樣都要(yao)進行電(dian)能的(de)(de)消耗(hao)(hao)。當(dang)環(huan)(huan)境溫(wen)度在(zai)-40°C以(yi)下時(shi)，無(wu)線(xian)通(tong)信(xin)設(she)(she)備(bei)需要(yao)每天(tian)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)8小時(shi)左右(you)(you);當(dang)環(huan)(huan)境溫(wen)度為-20°C時(shi)，每天(tian)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)8小時(shi)左右(you)(you);當(dang)環(huan)(huan)境溫(wen)度為-30°C時(shi)，每天(tian)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)4小時(shi)左右(you)(you)。目前(qian)市(shi)場上常見的(de)(de)無(wu)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系統(tong)有兩(liang)(liang)種電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸入方式，一種是(shi)(shi)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸入，另一種是(shi)(shi)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸出。從這兩(liang)(liang)種方式對(dui)系統(tong)的(de)(de)功(gong)耗(hao)(hao)來看，電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸入方式的(de)(de)功(gong)耗(hao)(hao)更大一些，但是(shi)(shi)功(gong)耗(hao)(hao)很(hen)小。并(bing)且設(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)環(huan)(huan)境不(bu)同(tong)，對(dui)電(dian)池的(de)(de)需求量也(ye)不(bu)同(tong)，所(suo)以(yi)功(gong)耗(hao)(hao)也(ye)不(bu)同(tong)。

3信號不受干擾

在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)有干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)的(de)(de)地(di)方，例如野外(wai)、機場、工(gong)廠等，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般采用(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)方式。分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)方式的(de)(de)抗(kang)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)力(li)不強(qiang)(qiang)，其抗(kang)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)力(li)主要取決于(yu)射(she)頻(pin)(pin)功率的(de)(de)大小(xiao)。分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)功率一(yi)(yi)(yi)般是50dB在(zai)50dB左(zuo)右時(shi)(shi)，其抗(kang)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)力(li)強(qiang)(qiang)。但由于(yu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)與(yu)噪(zao)聲(sheng)(主要是周邊噪(zao)聲(sheng))具有很(hen)強(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)互(hu)通性，當分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)發射(she)的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)超過50dB時(shi)(shi)，其抗(kang)千擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)力(li)就會減弱(ruo)。另(ling)外(wai)，在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)有噪(zao)音的(de)(de)環境中使(shi)用(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)技(ji)術(shu)，會使(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)無法到達發射(she)端的(de)(de)接(jie)收機或者造成發射(she)端信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)與(yu)接(jie)收端信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)糟(zao)合而造成分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)或干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(例如在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)室外(wai)電話時(shi)(shi)) 。而采用(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)無線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統由于(yu)發射(she)功率小(xiao)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)后(hou)的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)強(qiang)(qiang)度比(bi)有線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統高很(hen)多(在(zai)實(shi)際使(shi)用(yong)中分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)設備一(yi)(yi)(yi)般可以將系(xi)(xi)統信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)到50dB以上),信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)不受干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)。如果采用(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)技(ji)術(shu)，需要在(zai)較大的(de)(de)回波功率下才能(neng)實(shi)現信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)工(gong)作(如分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)器發射(she)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)與(yu)接(jie)收信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)重疊時(shi)(shi)產生的(de)(de)千擾(rao)(rao))和發送信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)強(qiang)(qiang)度降低(同頻(pin)(pin)帶(dai)內的(de)(de)兩只(zhi)天線(xian)對(dui)同一(yi)(yi)(yi)信(xin)(xin)(xin)道(dao)傳輸(shu)的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)強(qiang)(qiang)度基本一(yi)(yi)(yi)致);如果采用(yong)混響(xiang)技(ji)術(shu)，則可以實(shi)現對(dui)無線(xian)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)的(de)(de)抑制或降低。