由(you)于在(zai)(zai)戶外、室內等(deng)區(qu)域，無(wu)(wu)(wu)線對講(jiang)(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)信(xin)號強度較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)弱，而且采用(yong)(yong)頻率調制技(ji)術(shu)（如 MHZ、 NMR、 BSI等(deng)）產(chan)生的(de)(de)信(xin)號傳輸時(shi)延(yan)大(da)，傳輸距離遠(yuan)。因此(ci)有線對講(jiang)(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)不適合在(zai)(zai)戶外環境(jing)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，特(te)別是(shi)在(zai)(zai)冬天(tian)及低風速季節(jie)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。雖然(ran)無(wu)(wu)(wu)線對講(jiang)(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)也有著不錯的(de)(de)效果。但由(you)于系統(tong)(tong)工作(zuo)時(shi)會有一定的(de)(de)干擾，使(shi)對講(jiang)(jiang)效果下(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)，另外在(zai)(zai)信(xin)號較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)弱時(shi)對用(yong)(yong)戶語音產(chan)生了(le)影響。特(te)別是(shi)在(zai)(zai)人(ren)員(yuan)復雜、通信(xin)距離較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)短(duan)或需(xu)要較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)長(chang)時(shi)間使(shi)用(yong)(yong)時(shi)。因此(ci)，更(geng)需(xu)要有一個(ge)可靠的(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)(wu)線對講(jiang)(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)提(ti)供(gong)與有線對講(jiang)(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)一樣(yang)的(de)(de)語音信(xin)息與控制。無(wu)(wu)(wu)線對講(jiang)(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)具(ju)有很高的(de)(de)靈活性，它(ta)能夠(gou)滿足現(xian)場(chang)中所有環境(jing)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)需(xu)求并能隨時(shi)切換（如在(zai)(zai)野外、戶外電話等(deng)),用(yong)(yong)戶可以在(zai)(zai)任何地點使(shi)用(yong)(yong)、隨時(shi)、隨地進行通訊。使(shi)用(yong)(yong)方(fang)便、節(jie)省成本、節(jie)約費用(yong)(yong)。下(xia)(xia)(xia)面我們(men)來(lai)了(le)解一下(xia)(xia)(xia)無(wu)(wu)(wu)線對講(jiang)(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)它(ta)主要是(shi)什么優點？

1.性能穩定，可靠性高

在相同無(wu)線(xian)(xian)傳輸距離(li)下，無(wu)線(xian)(xian)傳輸信(xin)號(hao)(hao)更(geng)穩(wen)定(ding)由(you)于(yu)使(shi)用了(le)功率放大(da)器來對無(wu)線(xian)(xian)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)進行(xing)壓縮和放大(da)，使(shi)無(wu)線(xian)(xian)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)更(geng)加穩(wen)定(ding)可靠。無(wu)線(xian)(xian)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)在弱(ruo)電磁環境下也能(neng)(neng)(neng)保(bao)持(chi)較(jiao)(jiao)好的(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。無(wu)線(xian)(xian)對講系統(tong)具有(you)發(fa)射(she)功率小、抗(kang)千擾(rao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)強(與(yu)有(you)線(xian)(xian)對講系統(tong)比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao))和抗(kang)電磁干擾(rao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)強(與(yu)有(you)線(xian)(xian)對講系統(tong)比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao))的(de)特點。無(wu)線(xian)(xian)對講系統(tong)發(fa)射(she)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)在發(fa)射(she)前和發(fa)射(she)后均能(neng)(neng)(neng)保(bao)持(chi)良好的(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，使(shi)用過(guo)程中(zhong)，發(fa)射(she)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)與(yu)接收(shou)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)完(wan)全不受任何千擾(rao)，可保(bao)持(chi)很好的(de)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)，具有(you)良好的(de)抗(kang)千擾(rao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和抗(kang)低頻干擾(rao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)，即(ji)使(shi)在惡劣的(de)環境下也能(neng)(neng)(neng)保(bao)持(chi)較(jiao)(jiao)好的(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。因此無(wu)線(xian)(xian)系統(tong)有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)高的(de)可靠性(xing)(xing)(xing)。

2.功耗(hao)小、不受天氣、濕度的影響

無線(xian)(xian)對(dui)講系統在(zai)不同(tong)(tong)(tong)的環(huan)境中，無線(xian)(xian)通(tong)信設(she)備和(he)有線(xian)(xian)通(tong)信設(she)備一(yi)樣都要進行電(dian)(dian)能的消耗(hao)(hao)。當(dang)環(huan)境溫(wen)度在(zai)-40°C以下時(shi)(shi)(shi)，無線(xian)(xian)通(tong)信設(she)備需(xu)要每天工(gong)作(zuo)8小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)左右(you);當(dang)環(huan)境溫(wen)度為-20°C時(shi)(shi)(shi)，每天工(gong)作(zuo)8小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)左右(you);當(dang)環(huan)境溫(wen)度為-30°C時(shi)(shi)(shi)，每天工(gong)作(zuo)4小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)左右(you)。目前市場上常見(jian)的無線(xian)(xian)對(dui)講系統有兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸入(ru)方式(shi)，一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸入(ru)，另一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸出。從這(zhe)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)方式(shi)對(dui)系統的功(gong)(gong)耗(hao)(hao)來看，電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸入(ru)方式(shi)的功(gong)(gong)耗(hao)(hao)更大一(yi)些，但是(shi)功(gong)(gong)耗(hao)(hao)很小(xiao)。并且設(she)備的工(gong)作(zuo)環(huan)境不同(tong)(tong)(tong)，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池的需(xu)求量(liang)也(ye)(ye)不同(tong)(tong)(tong)，所(suo)以功(gong)(gong)耗(hao)(hao)也(ye)(ye)不同(tong)(tong)(tong)。

3信號不受干擾

在(zai)(zai)一(yi)些有(you)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)的(de)(de)(de)地方，例(li)如(ru)野外、機場、工廠等，一(yi)般采用分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)方式。分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)方式的(de)(de)(de)抗干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能力不強(qiang)，其抗干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能力主(zhu)要取決于(yu)射(she)(she)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)小。分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)一(yi)般是50dB在(zai)(zai)50dB左右時，其抗干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能力強(qiang)。但由于(yu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)與(yu)噪(zao)聲(主(zhu)要是周邊噪(zao)聲)具有(you)很(hen)強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)互通性(xing)，當分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)發射(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)超過50dB時，其抗千擾(rao)(rao)能力就會(hui)減弱。另(ling)外，在(zai)(zai)一(yi)些有(you)噪(zao)音的(de)(de)(de)環境(jing)中使用分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)，會(hui)使分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)無(wu)法到達發射(she)(she)端的(de)(de)(de)接(jie)收(shou)機或者造(zao)成發射(she)(she)端信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)與(yu)接(jie)收(shou)端信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)糟合(he)而造(zao)成分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)或干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(例(li)如(ru)在(zai)(zai)使用室外電話(hua)時) 。而采用分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)線對講系統由于(yu)發射(she)(she)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)小，分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)后的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)強(qiang)度(du)(du)比有(you)線對講系統高很(hen)多(在(zai)(zai)實(shi)際使用中分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)設備(bei)一(yi)般可以將系統信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)到50dB以上),信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)不受干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)。如(ru)果采用分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)，需要在(zai)(zai)較大(da)的(de)(de)(de)回(hui)波功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)下才能實(shi)現信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)工作(如(ru)分(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)器發射(she)(she)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)與(yu)接(jie)收(shou)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)重疊時產生的(de)(de)(de)千擾(rao)(rao))和發送信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)強(qiang)度(du)(du)降低(同(tong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)帶(dai)內的(de)(de)(de)兩只(zhi)天線對同(tong)一(yi)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)道(dao)傳輸的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)強(qiang)度(du)(du)基本(ben)一(yi)致);如(ru)果采用混響技(ji)術(shu)(shu)，則(ze)可以實(shi)現對無(wu)線信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)的(de)(de)(de)抑制(zhi)或降低。