由于在戶外(wai)、室(shi)內等(deng)區域，無(wu)線對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)信號(hao)強度較(jiao)弱(ruo)，而且采用(yong)(yong)頻率(lv)調制(zhi)技(ji)術（如(ru)(ru) MHZ、 NMR、 BSI等(deng)）產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)信號(hao)傳(chuan)輸(shu)時(shi)延大，傳(chuan)輸(shu)距(ju)離遠(yuan)。因此(ci)有(you)線對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)不適(shi)合(he)在戶外(wai)環境使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，特別是(shi)在冬天及低風(feng)速季節(jie)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。雖然無(wu)線對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)也有(you)著不錯的(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)果(guo)。但(dan)由于系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)工作時(shi)會有(you)一定的(de)(de)(de)干(gan)擾，使(shi)對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)效(xiao)果(guo)下(xia)降(jiang)，另外(wai)在信號(hao)較(jiao)弱(ruo)時(shi)對(dui)用(yong)(yong)戶語(yu)音產(chan)生(sheng)了影響(xiang)。特別是(shi)在人(ren)員復雜(za)、通信距(ju)離較(jiao)短或需要較(jiao)長時(shi)間使(shi)用(yong)(yong)時(shi)。因此(ci)，更需要有(you)一個(ge)可(ke)靠的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)線對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)提供與有(you)線對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)一樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)語(yu)音信息與控制(zhi)。無(wu)線對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)具有(you)很(hen)高的(de)(de)(de)靈活性，它(ta)能(neng)夠(gou)滿足現場中所有(you)環境使(shi)用(yong)(yong)需求并能(neng)隨(sui)時(shi)切換(huan)（如(ru)(ru)在野(ye)外(wai)、戶外(wai)電(dian)話等(deng)),用(yong)(yong)戶可(ke)以(yi)在任何地(di)點使(shi)用(yong)(yong)、隨(sui)時(shi)、隨(sui)地(di)進行(xing)通訊。使(shi)用(yong)(yong)方便、節(jie)省成(cheng)本(ben)、節(jie)約(yue)費用(yong)(yong)。下(xia)面我們來了解(jie)一下(xia)無(wu)線對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)它(ta)主要是(shi)什(shen)么優點？

1.性能穩定，可靠性高

在相同無線(xian)(xian)傳(chuan)輸距(ju)離下，無線(xian)(xian)傳(chuan)輸信(xin)(xin)號(hao)更穩(wen)定由于使用(yong)了功率(lv)放大(da)器來對(dui)無線(xian)(xian)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)進行壓縮(suo)和(he)放大(da)，使無線(xian)(xian)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)更加穩(wen)定可(ke)靠(kao)。無線(xian)(xian)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)在弱電磁環境下也能(neng)保(bao)(bao)持較(jiao)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)。無線(xian)(xian)對(dui)講系統(tong)(tong)具(ju)有發(fa)(fa)射(she)功率(lv)小、抗(kang)千(qian)(qian)擾能(neng)力(li)強(qiang)(與有線(xian)(xian)對(dui)講系統(tong)(tong)比(bi)較(jiao))和(he)抗(kang)電磁干擾能(neng)力(li)強(qiang)(與有線(xian)(xian)對(dui)講系統(tong)(tong)比(bi)較(jiao))的(de)(de)(de)特(te)點。無線(xian)(xian)對(dui)講系統(tong)(tong)發(fa)(fa)射(she)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)在發(fa)(fa)射(she)前和(he)發(fa)(fa)射(she)后均能(neng)保(bao)(bao)持良(liang)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)，使用(yong)過(guo)程中，發(fa)(fa)射(she)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)與接收信(xin)(xin)號(hao)完全(quan)不(bu)受任何千(qian)(qian)擾，可(ke)保(bao)(bao)持很好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)定性(xing)(xing)，具(ju)有良(liang)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)千(qian)(qian)擾性(xing)(xing)和(he)抗(kang)低頻干擾能(neng)力(li)，即使在惡劣的(de)(de)(de)環境下也能(neng)保(bao)(bao)持較(jiao)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)。因此無線(xian)(xian)系統(tong)(tong)有較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)(xing)。

2.功耗小、不受天氣、濕度的影響

無(wu)(wu)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系統在(zai)(zai)不(bu)同的(de)(de)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)中(zhong)，無(wu)(wu)線(xian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信設(she)(she)備(bei)和有線(xian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信設(she)(she)備(bei)一(yi)樣(yang)都要進(jin)行電(dian)(dian)能的(de)(de)消(xiao)耗(hao)。當環(huan)境(jing)(jing)溫度在(zai)(zai)-40°C以(yi)下時(shi)，無(wu)(wu)線(xian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信設(she)(she)備(bei)需(xu)要每天(tian)(tian)工作(zuo)8小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)左右;當環(huan)境(jing)(jing)溫度為(wei)-20°C時(shi)，每天(tian)(tian)工作(zuo)8小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)左右;當環(huan)境(jing)(jing)溫度為(wei)-30°C時(shi)，每天(tian)(tian)工作(zuo)4小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)左右。目前市場上常見的(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系統有兩種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)源輸(shu)入方(fang)(fang)式(shi)，一(yi)種(zhong)是電(dian)(dian)源輸(shu)入，另一(yi)種(zhong)是電(dian)(dian)源輸(shu)出。從(cong)這(zhe)兩種(zhong)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)對(dui)系統的(de)(de)功(gong)耗(hao)來看，電(dian)(dian)源輸(shu)入方(fang)(fang)式(shi)的(de)(de)功(gong)耗(hao)更大一(yi)些，但是功(gong)耗(hao)很小(xiao)(xiao)。并且設(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)工作(zuo)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)不(bu)同，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)需(xu)求量也不(bu)同，所以(yi)功(gong)耗(hao)也不(bu)同。

3信號不受干擾

在(zai)(zai)一(yi)些(xie)有(you)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)的(de)地方，例(li)如野外(wai)、機場、工(gong)(gong)廠等，一(yi)般采(cai)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)方式(shi)(shi)。分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)方式(shi)(shi)的(de)抗(kang)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)(neng)力不(bu)強(qiang)(qiang)，其抗(kang)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)(neng)力主(zhu)要取決于射(she)頻(pin)功(gong)(gong)率的(de)大(da)小。分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)功(gong)(gong)率一(yi)般是(shi)50dB在(zai)(zai)50dB左右時，其抗(kang)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)(neng)力強(qiang)(qiang)。但由(you)于分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)的(de)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)與(yu)(yu)噪聲(主(zhu)要是(shi)周邊(bian)噪聲)具有(you)很強(qiang)(qiang)的(de)互通性，當分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)發射(she)的(de)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)超過50dB時，其抗(kang)千(qian)擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)(neng)力就會(hui)減弱。另外(wai)，在(zai)(zai)一(yi)些(xie)有(you)噪音的(de)環境(jing)中使(shi)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)技(ji)術(shu)，會(hui)使(shi)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)無法到(dao)達(da)發射(she)端(duan)的(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)收機或(huo)者造(zao)成發射(she)端(duan)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)與(yu)(yu)接(jie)(jie)(jie)收端(duan)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)的(de)糟合而(er)造(zao)成分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)或(huo)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(例(li)如在(zai)(zai)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)室外(wai)電話時) 。而(er)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)無線(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)講系統由(you)于發射(she)功(gong)(gong)率小，分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)后的(de)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)比有(you)線(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)講系統高很多(在(zai)(zai)實(shi)際使(shi)用(yong)(yong)中分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)設備一(yi)般可以(yi)(yi)將系統信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)到(dao)50dB以(yi)(yi)上),信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)不(bu)受干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)。如果(guo)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)技(ji)術(shu)，需(xu)要在(zai)(zai)較大(da)的(de)回波功(gong)(gong)率下才能(neng)(neng)實(shi)現(xian)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)的(de)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)工(gong)(gong)作(如分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)器發射(she)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)與(yu)(yu)接(jie)(jie)(jie)收信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)重疊時產生的(de)千(qian)擾(rao)(rao))和發送信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)降低(同頻(pin)帶內(nei)的(de)兩(liang)只天線(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)同一(yi)信(xin)(xin)道傳輸的(de)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)基本一(yi)致);如果(guo)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)混響技(ji)術(shu)，則可以(yi)(yi)實(shi)現(xian)對(dui)(dui)無線(xian)(xian)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)的(de)抑制或(huo)降低。