由于在(zai)(zai)戶外(wai)、室內(nei)等區域，無線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號強(qiang)度較弱，而且采用(yong)(yong)頻率(lv)調制技術(shu)（如 MHZ、 NMR、 BSI等）產生(sheng)的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號傳輸(shu)時(shi)延大，傳輸(shu)距(ju)離遠(yuan)。因(yin)此有線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)不(bu)適(shi)合(he)在(zai)(zai)戶外(wai)環(huan)境使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)，特(te)別是在(zai)(zai)冬天及低風(feng)速季(ji)節(jie)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)。雖(sui)然無線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)也有著不(bu)錯的(de)(de)效果。但由于系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)工作時(shi)會(hui)有一(yi)定的(de)(de)干擾，使(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)講(jiang)效果下降(jiang)，另(ling)外(wai)在(zai)(zai)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號較弱時(shi)對(dui)用(yong)(yong)戶語音產生(sheng)了(le)影響。特(te)別是在(zai)(zai)人(ren)員復雜、通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)距(ju)離較短(duan)或(huo)需(xu)要(yao)較長時(shi)間使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)時(shi)。因(yin)此，更需(xu)要(yao)有一(yi)個可靠的(de)(de)無線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)提供與有線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)樣的(de)(de)語音信(xin)(xin)(xin)息與控制。無線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)具有很高的(de)(de)靈活性，它能夠滿足(zu)現場中所有環(huan)境使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)需(xu)求并能隨時(shi)切換（如在(zai)(zai)野外(wai)、戶外(wai)電話等),用(yong)(yong)戶可以在(zai)(zai)任何地(di)點使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)、隨時(shi)、隨地(di)進行(xing)通(tong)訊。使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)方便、節(jie)省成本(ben)、節(jie)約費用(yong)(yong)。下面我們(men)來了(le)解一(yi)下無線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)它主要(yao)是什(shen)么優點？

1.性能穩定，可靠性高

在相同(tong)無(wu)(wu)線(xian)傳輸距離下，無(wu)(wu)線(xian)傳輸信(xin)號(hao)(hao)更穩(wen)(wen)定由于使用了(le)功率(lv)放(fang)(fang)大器來對(dui)無(wu)(wu)線(xian)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)進行壓縮和(he)放(fang)(fang)大，使無(wu)(wu)線(xian)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)更加(jia)穩(wen)(wen)定可(ke)靠(kao)(kao)。無(wu)(wu)線(xian)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)在弱電磁環(huan)境(jing)下也能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)(chi)較(jiao)好的(de)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。無(wu)(wu)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)具(ju)(ju)有(you)發(fa)射功率(lv)小、抗千擾(rao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)強(與有(you)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)比(bi)較(jiao))和(he)抗電磁干(gan)擾(rao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)強(與有(you)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)比(bi)較(jiao))的(de)特點。無(wu)(wu)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)發(fa)射信(xin)號(hao)(hao)在發(fa)射前和(he)發(fa)射后均能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)(chi)良(liang)好的(de)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，使用過程(cheng)中，發(fa)射信(xin)號(hao)(hao)與接收信(xin)號(hao)(hao)完(wan)全不(bu)受任何千擾(rao)，可(ke)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)(chi)很好的(de)穩(wen)(wen)定性(xing)(xing)，具(ju)(ju)有(you)良(liang)好的(de)抗千擾(rao)性(xing)(xing)和(he)抗低(di)頻(pin)干(gan)擾(rao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)，即使在惡(e)劣(lie)的(de)環(huan)境(jing)下也能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)(chi)較(jiao)好的(de)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。因此無(wu)(wu)線(xian)系(xi)統(tong)有(you)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)可(ke)靠(kao)(kao)性(xing)(xing)。

2.功耗小(xiao)、不受天氣、濕(shi)度的影響(xiang)

無線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)統在不同(tong)的(de)(de)環境(jing)中(zhong)，無線(xian)通(tong)信設(she)備(bei)和有線(xian)通(tong)信設(she)備(bei)一樣都(dou)要進行電(dian)能的(de)(de)消(xiao)耗。當(dang)環境(jing)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)在-40°C以(yi)下(xia)時(shi)，無線(xian)通(tong)信設(she)備(bei)需要每(mei)(mei)天工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)8小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)左右;當(dang)環境(jing)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)為-20°C時(shi)，每(mei)(mei)天工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)8小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)左右;當(dang)環境(jing)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)為-30°C時(shi)，每(mei)(mei)天工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)4小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)左右。目前(qian)市場(chang)上常見的(de)(de)無線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)統有兩種(zhong)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸(shu)入方(fang)式，一種(zhong)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸(shu)入，另一種(zhong)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸(shu)出。從(cong)這兩種(zhong)方(fang)式對(dui)系(xi)統的(de)(de)功耗來看(kan)，電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸(shu)入方(fang)式的(de)(de)功耗更大一些，但是(shi)(shi)功耗很(hen)小(xiao)(xiao)。并且設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)環境(jing)不同(tong)，對(dui)電(dian)池的(de)(de)需求量(liang)也(ye)不同(tong)，所以(yi)功耗也(ye)不同(tong)。

3信號不受干擾

在(zai)一(yi)些有干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)，例(li)如(ru)野(ye)外、機場、工廠等，一(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)方(fang)式。分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)方(fang)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)能(neng)力不強(qiang)，其抗(kang)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)能(neng)力主(zhu)要取決于射頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)功率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)小。分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功率(lv)一(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)是(shi)50dB在(zai)50dB左右時(shi)，其抗(kang)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)能(neng)力強(qiang)。但由于分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)與(yu)噪(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(主(zhu)要是(shi)周邊噪(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng))具有很強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)互通性，當分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)發(fa)射的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)超(chao)過50dB時(shi)，其抗(kang)千擾(rao)能(neng)力就(jiu)會減弱。另外，在(zai)一(yi)些有噪(zao)音(yin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環境中使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)，會使(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)無法到達發(fa)射端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)收機或(huo)者(zhe)造成發(fa)射端(duan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)與(yu)接(jie)收端(duan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)糟合(he)而造成分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)或(huo)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(例(li)如(ru)在(zai)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)室外電(dian)話時(shi)) 。而采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)無線對(dui)講系統由于發(fa)射功率(lv)小，分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)強(qiang)度(du)(du)比有線對(dui)講系統高(gao)很多(duo)(在(zai)實際使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)中分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)設(she)備一(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)可以將系統信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)到50dB以上),信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)不受干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)。如(ru)果采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)，需要在(zai)較大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回波(bo)功率(lv)下才(cai)能(neng)實現信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)工作(如(ru)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)器發(fa)射信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)與(yu)接(jie)收信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)重疊(die)時(shi)產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)千擾(rao))和(he)發(fa)送信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)強(qiang)度(du)(du)降低(di)(di)(同頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)帶(dai)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩只天線對(dui)同一(yi)信(xin)(xin)(xin)道傳輸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)強(qiang)度(du)(du)基本一(yi)致(zhi));如(ru)果采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)混(hun)響(xiang)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)，則可以實現對(dui)無線信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抑(yi)制或(huo)降低(di)(di)。