由于在(zai)戶(hu)外(wai)(wai)、室內等(deng)區域(yu)，無線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)信號強度(du)較(jiao)弱(ruo)(ruo)，而且采(cai)用(yong)(yong)頻率(lv)調制(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)（如 MHZ、 NMR、 BSI等(deng)）產生(sheng)的(de)信號傳輸(shu)(shu)時(shi)(shi)延大，傳輸(shu)(shu)距(ju)離遠。因(yin)此(ci)有(you)(you)(you)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)不適合(he)在(zai)戶(hu)外(wai)(wai)環境使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，特別是在(zai)冬天及低風速(su)季(ji)節(jie)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。雖然(ran)無線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)也有(you)(you)(you)著(zhu)不錯的(de)效果(guo)。但由于系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)工作(zuo)時(shi)(shi)會有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)定的(de)干擾，使(shi)對(dui)講(jiang)效果(guo)下(xia)(xia)降，另外(wai)(wai)在(zai)信號較(jiao)弱(ruo)(ruo)時(shi)(shi)對(dui)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)語(yu)音產生(sheng)了影響。特別是在(zai)人員(yuan)復雜(za)、通信距(ju)離較(jiao)短或(huo)需(xu)要(yao)較(jiao)長時(shi)(shi)間使(shi)用(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)。因(yin)此(ci)，更需(xu)要(yao)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)個可靠的(de)無線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)提供(gong)與有(you)(you)(you)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)樣的(de)語(yu)音信息與控(kong)制(zhi)。無線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)具有(you)(you)(you)很高的(de)靈活性，它(ta)能(neng)夠(gou)滿足現(xian)場(chang)中(zhong)所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)環境使(shi)用(yong)(yong)需(xu)求(qiu)并能(neng)隨(sui)時(shi)(shi)切換（如在(zai)野外(wai)(wai)、戶(hu)外(wai)(wai)電話等(deng)),用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)可以(yi)在(zai)任何地點使(shi)用(yong)(yong)、隨(sui)時(shi)(shi)、隨(sui)地進行通訊。使(shi)用(yong)(yong)方(fang)便、節(jie)省成本、節(jie)約(yue)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)。下(xia)(xia)面我們來(lai)了解一(yi)下(xia)(xia)無線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)它(ta)主要(yao)是什么優點？

1.性(xing)能穩定，可靠性(xing)高

在(zai)(zai)相同無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)傳輸(shu)距離(li)下，無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)傳輸(shu)信號(hao)更穩(wen)(wen)定由于使用(yong)了功率(lv)放大(da)(da)器來對無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)信號(hao)進行壓縮和(he)放大(da)(da)，使無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)信號(hao)更加穩(wen)(wen)定可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)信號(hao)在(zai)(zai)弱電磁環境下也能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)保持(chi)(chi)較(jiao)好(hao)(hao)的性能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)對講系(xi)統(tong)具有(you)發(fa)射(she)(she)功率(lv)小、抗(kang)(kang)千(qian)擾(rao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力強(與有(you)線(xian)(xian)(xian)對講系(xi)統(tong)比(bi)較(jiao))和(he)抗(kang)(kang)電磁干(gan)擾(rao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力強(與有(you)線(xian)(xian)(xian)對講系(xi)統(tong)比(bi)較(jiao))的特點(dian)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)對講系(xi)統(tong)發(fa)射(she)(she)信號(hao)在(zai)(zai)發(fa)射(she)(she)前(qian)和(he)發(fa)射(she)(she)后均能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)保持(chi)(chi)良好(hao)(hao)的性能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，使用(yong)過程中，發(fa)射(she)(she)信號(hao)與接收信號(hao)完全(quan)不受任何千(qian)擾(rao)，可(ke)(ke)保持(chi)(chi)很好(hao)(hao)的穩(wen)(wen)定性，具有(you)良好(hao)(hao)的抗(kang)(kang)千(qian)擾(rao)性和(he)抗(kang)(kang)低頻干(gan)擾(rao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力，即使在(zai)(zai)惡劣(lie)的環境下也能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)保持(chi)(chi)較(jiao)好(hao)(hao)的性能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。因此無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)系(xi)統(tong)有(you)較(jiao)高(gao)的可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性。

2.功(gong)耗小(xiao)、不受天氣、濕(shi)度(du)的影(ying)響

無線(xian)(xian)對(dui)講系(xi)統在(zai)不(bu)同的(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)中，無線(xian)(xian)通(tong)信設備(bei)和(he)有(you)線(xian)(xian)通(tong)信設備(bei)一(yi)(yi)樣(yang)都要進行電(dian)(dian)能的(de)(de)消耗(hao)(hao)。當(dang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)溫度在(zai)-40°C以下時(shi)(shi)(shi)，無線(xian)(xian)通(tong)信設備(bei)需(xu)要每(mei)天工(gong)作(zuo)8小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)左(zuo)右;當(dang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)溫度為(wei)-20°C時(shi)(shi)(shi)，每(mei)天工(gong)作(zuo)8小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)左(zuo)右;當(dang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)溫度為(wei)-30°C時(shi)(shi)(shi)，每(mei)天工(gong)作(zuo)4小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)左(zuo)右。目前市(shi)場上常見(jian)的(de)(de)無線(xian)(xian)對(dui)講系(xi)統有(you)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入方式(shi)，一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入，另(ling)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出。從(cong)這兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)方式(shi)對(dui)系(xi)統的(de)(de)功耗(hao)(hao)來看，電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入方式(shi)的(de)(de)功耗(hao)(hao)更大(da)一(yi)(yi)些，但是(shi)(shi)功耗(hao)(hao)很小(xiao)。并且設備(bei)的(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)不(bu)同，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)需(xu)求量也不(bu)同，所以功耗(hao)(hao)也不(bu)同。

3信號不受干擾

在一(yi)(yi)些有干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方，例如(ru)野外(wai)、機場、工(gong)廠等，一(yi)(yi)般采(cai)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)方式。分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)方式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)能力(li)(li)不(bu)強，其抗(kang)干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)能力(li)(li)主要取決于(yu)射(she)(she)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)功(gong)率的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)小。分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)率一(yi)(yi)般是50dB在50dB左右時，其抗(kang)干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)能力(li)(li)強。但由(you)于(yu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)與(yu)噪(zao)聲(sheng)(主要是周邊(bian)噪(zao)聲(sheng))具有很強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)互通性，當分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)發(fa)(fa)射(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)超過50dB時，其抗(kang)千擾(rao)(rao)(rao)能力(li)(li)就會(hui)減弱(ruo)。另外(wai)，在一(yi)(yi)些有噪(zao)音(yin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環境中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)技術，會(hui)使(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)無(wu)法到達(da)發(fa)(fa)射(she)(she)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)收(shou)機或(huo)者造成發(fa)(fa)射(she)(she)端(duan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)與(yu)接(jie)收(shou)端(duan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)糟合(he)而造成分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)或(huo)干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)(例如(ru)在使(shi)用(yong)(yong)室外(wai)電(dian)話時) 。而采(cai)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)線(xian)對(dui)講系統(tong)(tong)由(you)于(yu)發(fa)(fa)射(she)(she)功(gong)率小，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)強度比(bi)有線(xian)對(dui)講系統(tong)(tong)高很多(在實(shi)際使(shi)用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)設備一(yi)(yi)般可(ke)(ke)以(yi)將系統(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)到50dB以(yi)上),信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)不(bu)受干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)。如(ru)果采(cai)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)技術，需要在較大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)波功(gong)率下(xia)才能實(shi)現信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)工(gong)作(如(ru)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)器發(fa)(fa)射(she)(she)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)與(yu)接(jie)收(shou)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)重疊時產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)千擾(rao)(rao)(rao))和發(fa)(fa)送信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)強度降低(同頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)帶內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩只天線(xian)對(dui)同一(yi)(yi)信(xin)(xin)(xin)道傳輸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)強度基本一(yi)(yi)致);如(ru)果采(cai)用(yong)(yong)混響(xiang)技術，則可(ke)(ke)以(yi)實(shi)現對(dui)無(wu)線(xian)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抑制或(huo)降低。