由于在(zai)戶外(wai)(wai)、室內等區域，無(wu)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)信(xin)號強度較(jiao)弱(ruo)，而且采用(yong)(yong)頻率(lv)調(diao)制技術（如(ru) MHZ、 NMR、 BSI等）產生的(de)信(xin)號傳輸(shu)時(shi)延大(da)，傳輸(shu)距離(li)遠。因(yin)此有(you)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)不適合在(zai)戶外(wai)(wai)環境使用(yong)(yong)，特別是在(zai)冬(dong)天及低風速(su)季節(jie)使用(yong)(yong)。雖然(ran)無(wu)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)也有(you)著不錯(cuo)的(de)效果。但由于系(xi)統(tong)(tong)工作時(shi)會(hui)有(you)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)干擾，使對(dui)講(jiang)效果下降，另外(wai)(wai)在(zai)信(xin)號較(jiao)弱(ruo)時(shi)對(dui)用(yong)(yong)戶語音產生了(le)影響。特別是在(zai)人員復雜、通信(xin)距離(li)較(jiao)短或(huo)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)較(jiao)長時(shi)間(jian)使用(yong)(yong)時(shi)。因(yin)此，更(geng)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)有(you)一(yi)個可(ke)靠的(de)無(wu)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)提供與有(you)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)樣的(de)語音信(xin)息與控制。無(wu)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)具(ju)有(you)很(hen)高的(de)靈活性，它能(neng)夠滿足現場中所有(you)環境使用(yong)(yong)需(xu)(xu)求并能(neng)隨時(shi)切換（如(ru)在(zai)野外(wai)(wai)、戶外(wai)(wai)電(dian)話(hua)等),用(yong)(yong)戶可(ke)以(yi)在(zai)任何地點使用(yong)(yong)、隨時(shi)、隨地進行通訊。使用(yong)(yong)方(fang)便、節(jie)省(sheng)成本(ben)、節(jie)約費用(yong)(yong)。下面我們來了(le)解一(yi)下無(wu)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)它主要(yao)是什么優點？

1.性(xing)能穩(wen)定，可靠性(xing)高

在(zai)相(xiang)同無(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)傳(chuan)輸(shu)距離(li)下(xia)，無(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)傳(chuan)輸(shu)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)更穩定(ding)由于使(shi)(shi)用(yong)了功(gong)率放(fang)大器來(lai)對無(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)進行壓縮和放(fang)大，使(shi)(shi)無(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)更加穩定(ding)可(ke)靠。無(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)在(zai)弱電磁環(huan)境(jing)下(xia)也(ye)能(neng)(neng)(neng)保(bao)持較(jiao)好的(de)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。無(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)對講系(xi)統(tong)具有(you)發射(she)功(gong)率小(xiao)、抗(kang)(kang)千擾能(neng)(neng)(neng)力強(與有(you)線(xian)(xian)(xian)對講系(xi)統(tong)比較(jiao))和抗(kang)(kang)電磁干擾能(neng)(neng)(neng)力強(與有(you)線(xian)(xian)(xian)對講系(xi)統(tong)比較(jiao))的(de)特點。無(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)對講系(xi)統(tong)發射(she)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)在(zai)發射(she)前和發射(she)后(hou)均能(neng)(neng)(neng)保(bao)持良(liang)好的(de)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)過程中，發射(she)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)與接收信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)完全不受任何千擾，可(ke)保(bao)持很(hen)好的(de)穩定(ding)性(xing)，具有(you)良(liang)好的(de)抗(kang)(kang)千擾性(xing)和抗(kang)(kang)低頻干擾能(neng)(neng)(neng)力，即使(shi)(shi)在(zai)惡劣的(de)環(huan)境(jing)下(xia)也(ye)能(neng)(neng)(neng)保(bao)持較(jiao)好的(de)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。因此無(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)系(xi)統(tong)有(you)較(jiao)高的(de)可(ke)靠性(xing)。

2.功耗(hao)小、不受(shou)天氣(qi)、濕度的影響

無(wu)線對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)統在不(bu)同(tong)的環(huan)境(jing)中，無(wu)線通(tong)信(xin)設(she)備和有線通(tong)信(xin)設(she)備一樣都要進行電(dian)能的消耗(hao)。當(dang)(dang)環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)(wen)度在-40°C以(yi)下時(shi)(shi)，無(wu)線通(tong)信(xin)設(she)備需要每(mei)天工作8小時(shi)(shi)左右(you);當(dang)(dang)環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)(wen)度為-20°C時(shi)(shi)，每(mei)天工作8小時(shi)(shi)左右(you);當(dang)(dang)環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)(wen)度為-30°C時(shi)(shi)，每(mei)天工作4小時(shi)(shi)左右(you)。目前市(shi)場上常見的無(wu)線對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)統有兩種(zhong)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸入方式，一種(zhong)是(shi)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸入，另一種(zhong)是(shi)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸出。從這兩種(zhong)方式對(dui)系(xi)統的功(gong)(gong)耗(hao)來看，電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸入方式的功(gong)(gong)耗(hao)更大一些，但是(shi)功(gong)(gong)耗(hao)很小。并且設(she)備的工作環(huan)境(jing)不(bu)同(tong)，對(dui)電(dian)池(chi)的需求量也不(bu)同(tong)，所(suo)以(yi)功(gong)(gong)耗(hao)也不(bu)同(tong)。

3信號不受干擾

在一(yi)些有(you)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)，例如(ru)野外(wai)、機場、工廠(chang)等，一(yi)般采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)方(fang)式。分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)方(fang)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能力不(bu)強，其抗(kang)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能力主(zhu)要(yao)取(qu)決(jue)于射(she)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)小。分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)一(yi)般是50dB在50dB左右時(shi)(shi)，其抗(kang)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能力強。但由于分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)與(yu)噪(zao)聲(主(zhu)要(yao)是周邊噪(zao)聲)具(ju)有(you)很(hen)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)互(hu)通(tong)性，當分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)發(fa)(fa)射(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)超過50dB時(shi)(shi)，其抗(kang)千擾(rao)(rao)能力就會(hui)(hui)減弱(ruo)。另外(wai)，在一(yi)些有(you)噪(zao)音的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環境(jing)中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)術(shu)，會(hui)(hui)使(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)無(wu)法到(dao)達發(fa)(fa)射(she)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接收機或者(zhe)造成發(fa)(fa)射(she)端(duan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)與(yu)接收端(duan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)糟合而造成分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)或干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(例如(ru)在使(shi)用(yong)室外(wai)電話時(shi)(shi)) 。而采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)線對(dui)講系統(tong)由于發(fa)(fa)射(she)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)小，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)強度比有(you)線對(dui)講系統(tong)高很(hen)多(在實(shi)際使(shi)用(yong)中(zhong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)設備(bei)一(yi)般可以(yi)將系統(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)到(dao)50dB以(yi)上),信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)不(bu)受(shou)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)。如(ru)果采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)術(shu)，需要(yao)在較大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回波功(gong)(gong)率(lv)下才能實(shi)現信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)工作(如(ru)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)器發(fa)(fa)射(she)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)與(yu)接收信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)重疊時(shi)(shi)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)千擾(rao)(rao))和(he)發(fa)(fa)送信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)強度降低(di)(同頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)帶(dai)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩只天線對(dui)同一(yi)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)道(dao)傳輸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)強度基本一(yi)致);如(ru)果采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)混(hun)響技(ji)術(shu)，則可以(yi)實(shi)現對(dui)無(wu)線信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抑制或降低(di)。