由(you)于在(zai)(zai)戶(hu)外(wai)(wai)(wai)、室內等(deng)(deng)區域，無線(xian)對(dui)講系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的信號(hao)強度較(jiao)弱，而且(qie)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)頻率調制技(ji)術（如 MHZ、 NMR、 BSI等(deng)(deng)）產(chan)生的信號(hao)傳(chuan)輸(shu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)延大，傳(chuan)輸(shu)距(ju)離遠。因(yin)此有線(xian)對(dui)講系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)不(bu)適合在(zai)(zai)戶(hu)外(wai)(wai)(wai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，特別(bie)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)冬天(tian)及低(di)風速(su)季(ji)節(jie)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。雖然無線(xian)對(dui)講系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)也(ye)有著不(bu)錯的效(xiao)果。但(dan)由(you)于系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)工作時(shi)(shi)(shi)會有一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的干擾，使(shi)(shi)對(dui)講效(xiao)果下(xia)降(jiang)，另外(wai)(wai)(wai)在(zai)(zai)信號(hao)較(jiao)弱時(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)語音產(chan)生了(le)影響。特別(bie)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)人員復雜(za)、通(tong)信距(ju)離較(jiao)短或需要較(jiao)長時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)。因(yin)此，更需要有一(yi)(yi)個(ge)可(ke)靠的無線(xian)對(dui)講系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)提供與有線(xian)對(dui)講系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)樣的語音信息與控制。無線(xian)對(dui)講系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)具有很高的靈(ling)活性，它能(neng)(neng)夠滿足(zu)現場中所有環(huan)(huan)境(jing)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)需求并(bing)能(neng)(neng)隨時(shi)(shi)(shi)切換（如在(zai)(zai)野外(wai)(wai)(wai)、戶(hu)外(wai)(wai)(wai)電(dian)話等(deng)(deng)),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)可(ke)以在(zai)(zai)任何(he)地點(dian)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、隨時(shi)(shi)(shi)、隨地進行(xing)通(tong)訊(xun)。使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方(fang)便(bian)、節(jie)省成本、節(jie)約費用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。下(xia)面我們來(lai)了(le)解一(yi)(yi)下(xia)無線(xian)對(dui)講系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)它主要是(shi)什么優(you)點(dian)？

1.性能穩(wen)定，可靠性高

在相(xiang)同無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)傳(chuan)輸距離下，無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)傳(chuan)輸信號(hao)更(geng)穩(wen)定(ding)由于使用了功率放(fang)大器(qi)來(lai)對(dui)(dui)無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)信號(hao)進行(xing)壓縮和(he)放(fang)大，使無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)信號(hao)更(geng)加穩(wen)定(ding)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)。無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)信號(hao)在弱電磁環(huan)境下也(ye)能(neng)保(bao)(bao)持(chi)較(jiao)好(hao)(hao)的(de)性(xing)能(neng)。無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統具有發(fa)(fa)射(she)功率小、抗(kang)千(qian)(qian)擾能(neng)力強(與(yu)有線(xian)(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統比(bi)(bi)較(jiao))和(he)抗(kang)電磁干擾能(neng)力強(與(yu)有線(xian)(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統比(bi)(bi)較(jiao))的(de)特點。無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統發(fa)(fa)射(she)信號(hao)在發(fa)(fa)射(she)前和(he)發(fa)(fa)射(she)后均能(neng)保(bao)(bao)持(chi)良好(hao)(hao)的(de)性(xing)能(neng)，使用過程中，發(fa)(fa)射(she)信號(hao)與(yu)接收信號(hao)完全不受任何千(qian)(qian)擾，可(ke)(ke)保(bao)(bao)持(chi)很好(hao)(hao)的(de)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)，具有良好(hao)(hao)的(de)抗(kang)千(qian)(qian)擾性(xing)和(he)抗(kang)低頻干擾能(neng)力，即使在惡劣(lie)的(de)環(huan)境下也(ye)能(neng)保(bao)(bao)持(chi)較(jiao)好(hao)(hao)的(de)性(xing)能(neng)。因此無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統有較(jiao)高的(de)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)。

2.功耗小、不(bu)受天(tian)氣、濕度的(de)影響

無(wu)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)在(zai)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)環境中，無(wu)線(xian)通信(xin)設備(bei)和有線(xian)通信(xin)設備(bei)一樣都要進行電(dian)能的(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)耗。當環境溫(wen)(wen)度在(zai)-40°C以下(xia)時，無(wu)線(xian)通信(xin)設備(bei)需(xu)要每天工(gong)(gong)作8小時左右(you);當環境溫(wen)(wen)度為(wei)-20°C時，每天工(gong)(gong)作8小時左右(you);當環境溫(wen)(wen)度為(wei)-30°C時，每天工(gong)(gong)作4小時左右(you)。目前(qian)市(shi)場(chang)上常(chang)見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)線(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)有兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)電(dian)源輸(shu)入方式(shi)，一種(zhong)是電(dian)源輸(shu)入，另一種(zhong)是電(dian)源輸(shu)出。從這(zhe)兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)方式(shi)對(dui)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)耗來看，電(dian)源輸(shu)入方式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)耗更大一些，但是功(gong)耗很小。并(bing)且(qie)設備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作環境不(bu)同，對(dui)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)量也(ye)不(bu)同，所以功(gong)耗也(ye)不(bu)同。

3信號不受干擾

在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)有(you)干擾(rao)(rao)的(de)(de)地方，例如野外、機(ji)場、工(gong)廠等，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般采(cai)用(yong)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)方式(shi)。分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)方式(shi)的(de)(de)抗(kang)干擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)力(li)(li)不強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)，其(qi)抗(kang)干擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)力(li)(li)主(zhu)要(yao)取決(jue)于射(she)(she)頻(pin)(pin)功(gong)率的(de)(de)大小。分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)技術的(de)(de)功(gong)率一(yi)(yi)(yi)般是(shi)(shi)50dB在(zai)(zai)50dB左(zuo)右時，其(qi)抗(kang)干擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)力(li)(li)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)。但(dan)由于分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)干擾(rao)(rao)與(yu)噪(zao)聲(sheng)(主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)(shi)周邊噪(zao)聲(sheng))具有(you)很強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)互通性，當分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)發(fa)射(she)(she)的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)超過50dB時，其(qi)抗(kang)千擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)力(li)(li)就會減弱。另(ling)外，在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)有(you)噪(zao)音的(de)(de)環境中(zhong)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)技術，會使(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)無法到達發(fa)射(she)(she)端(duan)(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)接(jie)收機(ji)或(huo)者造成(cheng)發(fa)射(she)(she)端(duan)(duan)(duan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)與(yu)接(jie)收端(duan)(duan)(duan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)糟合(he)而(er)造成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)或(huo)干擾(rao)(rao)(例如在(zai)(zai)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)室(shi)外電話時) 。而(er)采(cai)用(yong)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)技術的(de)(de)無線(xian)對講(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)由于發(fa)射(she)(she)功(gong)率小，分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)后的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度比有(you)線(xian)對講(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)高很多(在(zai)(zai)實際(ji)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)中(zhong)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)設(she)備一(yi)(yi)(yi)般可(ke)以將(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)到50dB以上(shang)),信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)不受干擾(rao)(rao)。如果采(cai)用(yong)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)技術，需要(yao)在(zai)(zai)較大的(de)(de)回波功(gong)率下才能(neng)實現(xian)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)工(gong)作(如分(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)器發(fa)射(she)(she)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)與(yu)接(jie)收信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)重疊時產生的(de)(de)千擾(rao)(rao))和發(fa)送信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度降低(同頻(pin)(pin)帶內(nei)的(de)(de)兩只天線(xian)對同一(yi)(yi)(yi)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)道傳輸的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度基本一(yi)(yi)(yi)致);如果采(cai)用(yong)混響技術，則可(ke)以實現(xian)對無線(xian)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)干擾(rao)(rao)的(de)(de)抑制或(huo)降低。