由于在戶外、室內等區域(yu)，無(wu)(wu)線對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)信號強(qiang)度較弱，而且采用(yong)(yong)頻率調制技術（如 MHZ、 NMR、 BSI等）產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)信號傳輸(shu)時延大，傳輸(shu)距離遠(yuan)。因此有(you)線對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統不適合在戶外環境使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)，特別(bie)是在冬(dong)天及低(di)風速季節(jie)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)。雖然(ran)無(wu)(wu)線對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統也(ye)有(you)著不錯(cuo)的(de)(de)(de)效果。但由于系(xi)(xi)統工(gong)作時會有(you)一定的(de)(de)(de)干擾，使(shi)(shi)對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)效果下(xia)降，另外在信號較弱時對(dui)用(yong)(yong)戶語音產(chan)生了影(ying)響。特別(bie)是在人員(yuan)復雜、通信距離較短或需要(yao)較長時間使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)時。因此，更需要(yao)有(you)一個可靠的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)線對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統提供與(yu)有(you)線對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統一樣的(de)(de)(de)語音信息與(yu)控制。無(wu)(wu)線對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統具有(you)很(hen)高的(de)(de)(de)靈活(huo)性，它能(neng)夠滿足現場(chang)中所(suo)有(you)環境使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)需求并能(neng)隨(sui)時切換（如在野外、戶外電話(hua)等),用(yong)(yong)戶可以在任何地點(dian)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)、隨(sui)時、隨(sui)地進行(xing)通訊(xun)。使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)方便、節(jie)省成(cheng)本、節(jie)約費(fei)用(yong)(yong)。下(xia)面我們(men)來了解一下(xia)無(wu)(wu)線對(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統它主要(yao)是什么優(you)點(dian)？

1.性能穩(wen)定，可(ke)靠性高

在(zai)相同無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)傳(chuan)輸(shu)距(ju)離下(xia)(xia)，無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)傳(chuan)輸(shu)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)更穩(wen)(wen)(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)由于使用了功率(lv)放(fang)大(da)器來對(dui)無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)進(jin)行壓縮和(he)放(fang)大(da)，使無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)更加穩(wen)(wen)(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)可(ke)靠(kao)。無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)在(zai)弱電磁(ci)(ci)環境下(xia)(xia)也(ye)能(neng)保(bao)持(chi)較(jiao)(jiao)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)。無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)統具有(you)發(fa)射(she)(she)功率(lv)小、抗千(qian)(qian)擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)力強(qiang)(與(yu)有(you)線(xian)(xian)(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)統比較(jiao)(jiao))和(he)抗電磁(ci)(ci)干擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)力強(qiang)(與(yu)有(you)線(xian)(xian)(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)統比較(jiao)(jiao))的(de)(de)(de)特點(dian)。無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)對(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)統發(fa)射(she)(she)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)在(zai)發(fa)射(she)(she)前和(he)發(fa)射(she)(she)后(hou)均(jun)能(neng)保(bao)持(chi)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)，使用過程中，發(fa)射(she)(she)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)與(yu)接收信(xin)號(hao)(hao)完全(quan)不受任(ren)何千(qian)(qian)擾(rao)(rao)，可(ke)保(bao)持(chi)很好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)性，具有(you)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)抗千(qian)(qian)擾(rao)(rao)性和(he)抗低頻干擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)力，即使在(zai)惡劣的(de)(de)(de)環境下(xia)(xia)也(ye)能(neng)保(bao)持(chi)較(jiao)(jiao)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)。因此(ci)無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)系(xi)統有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)靠(kao)性。

2.功(gong)耗小、不受天(tian)氣、濕度(du)的(de)影響

無線(xian)對講系統(tong)(tong)在(zai)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)中(zhong)，無線(xian)通信設(she)備和有(you)線(xian)通信設(she)備一(yi)(yi)樣都要進行電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)消耗(hao)(hao)(hao)。當(dang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)溫(wen)度在(zai)-40°C以下時(shi)，無線(xian)通信設(she)備需(xu)要每天工(gong)作(zuo)8小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)左右(you);當(dang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)溫(wen)度為-20°C時(shi)，每天工(gong)作(zuo)8小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)左右(you);當(dang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)溫(wen)度為-30°C時(shi)，每天工(gong)作(zuo)4小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)左右(you)。目前市(shi)場上常見的(de)無線(xian)對講系統(tong)(tong)有(you)兩(liang)種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)方式(shi)，一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)，另一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源輸(shu)(shu)出。從這兩(liang)種(zhong)方式(shi)對系統(tong)(tong)的(de)功耗(hao)(hao)(hao)來看，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)方式(shi)的(de)功耗(hao)(hao)(hao)更大一(yi)(yi)些，但是功耗(hao)(hao)(hao)很小(xiao)(xiao)。并且(qie)設(she)備的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)需(xu)求(qiu)量也不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)，所(suo)以功耗(hao)(hao)(hao)也不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。

3信號不受干擾

在(zai)一些有干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)的(de)地方，例如(ru)(ru)野(ye)外(wai)、機場(chang)、工廠等，一般采用(yong)分頻(pin)(pin)(pin)方式(shi)。分頻(pin)(pin)(pin)方式(shi)的(de)抗干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)(neng)力不(bu)強(qiang)，其抗干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)(neng)力主要(yao)取決(jue)于(yu)射(she)(she)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)功率(lv)的(de)大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)。分頻(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)功率(lv)一般是50dB在(zai)50dB左右時(shi)，其抗干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)(neng)力強(qiang)。但(dan)由于(yu)分頻(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)與噪(zao)聲(主要(yao)是周邊噪(zao)聲)具有很強(qiang)的(de)互通(tong)性，當分頻(pin)(pin)(pin)發(fa)射(she)(she)的(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)超(chao)過50dB時(shi)，其抗千擾(rao)(rao)能(neng)(neng)力就會減弱(ruo)。另外(wai)，在(zai)一些有噪(zao)音的(de)環境中(zhong)(zhong)使用(yong)分頻(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，會使分頻(pin)(pin)(pin)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)無(wu)法到達發(fa)射(she)(she)端(duan)的(de)接(jie)收機或者(zhe)造成(cheng)發(fa)射(she)(she)端(duan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)與接(jie)收端(duan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)糟合而造成(cheng)分頻(pin)(pin)(pin)或干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(例如(ru)(ru)在(zai)使用(yong)室外(wai)電(dian)話時(shi)) 。而采用(yong)分頻(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)無(wu)線對(dui)講系(xi)統由于(yu)發(fa)射(she)(she)功率(lv)小(xiao)(xiao)，分頻(pin)(pin)(pin)后的(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)強(qiang)度(du)比有線對(dui)講系(xi)統高很多(在(zai)實(shi)際使用(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)分頻(pin)(pin)(pin)設備(bei)一般可以將系(xi)統信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)分頻(pin)(pin)(pin)到50dB以上),信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)不(bu)受干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)。如(ru)(ru)果(guo)采用(yong)分頻(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，需要(yao)在(zai)較大(da)的(de)回波(bo)功率(lv)下(xia)才能(neng)(neng)實(shi)現信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)分頻(pin)(pin)(pin)工作(如(ru)(ru)分頻(pin)(pin)(pin)器發(fa)射(she)(she)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)與接(jie)收信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)重疊時(shi)產生的(de)千擾(rao)(rao))和發(fa)送(song)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)強(qiang)度(du)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(同頻(pin)(pin)(pin)帶內的(de)兩(liang)只(zhi)天線對(dui)同一信(xin)(xin)(xin)道傳輸的(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)強(qiang)度(du)基本(ben)一致(zhi));如(ru)(ru)果(guo)采用(yong)混(hun)響技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，則可以實(shi)現對(dui)無(wu)線信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)的(de)抑制(zhi)或降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)。