由(you)于在(zai)戶(hu)外(wai)、室(shi)內(nei)等(deng)區(qu)域，無(wu)線(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)信(xin)號強度較(jiao)弱(ruo)，而且采用(yong)(yong)頻率調(diao)制(zhi)(zhi)技術(shu)（如 MHZ、 NMR、 BSI等(deng)）產生(sheng)的(de)信(xin)號傳輸(shu)時(shi)延(yan)大，傳輸(shu)距離(li)遠。因此有(you)線(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)不(bu)適合在(zai)戶(hu)外(wai)環(huan)境(jing)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，特別(bie)是(shi)在(zai)冬(dong)天及低風(feng)速季節(jie)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。雖然無(wu)線(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)也有(you)著不(bu)錯的(de)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)。但(dan)由(you)于系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)工(gong)作(zuo)時(shi)會有(you)一(yi)(yi)定的(de)干擾，使(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)下(xia)降(jiang)，另外(wai)在(zai)信(xin)號較(jiao)弱(ruo)時(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)語音(yin)產生(sheng)了影響。特別(bie)是(shi)在(zai)人員復雜(za)、通信(xin)距離(li)較(jiao)短或需(xu)要(yao)較(jiao)長時(shi)間使(shi)用(yong)(yong)時(shi)。因此，更需(xu)要(yao)有(you)一(yi)(yi)個可靠的(de)無(wu)線(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)提供與有(you)線(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)樣的(de)語音(yin)信(xin)息與控制(zhi)(zhi)。無(wu)線(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)具有(you)很高的(de)靈活(huo)性，它能夠滿足現場(chang)中所有(you)環(huan)境(jing)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)需(xu)求并能隨時(shi)切換(huan)（如在(zai)野外(wai)、戶(hu)外(wai)電(dian)話等(deng)),用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)可以在(zai)任(ren)何地(di)點(dian)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)、隨時(shi)、隨地(di)進(jin)行通訊。使(shi)用(yong)(yong)方(fang)便、節(jie)省成本、節(jie)約費用(yong)(yong)。下(xia)面我們(men)來了解一(yi)(yi)下(xia)無(wu)線(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)它主要(yao)是(shi)什么優點(dian)？

1.性(xing)能穩定，可靠性(xing)高

在(zai)相同無線(xian)傳(chuan)輸距離下，無線(xian)傳(chuan)輸信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)更穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)由于(yu)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)了功率放大(da)(da)器來對(dui)(dui)(dui)無線(xian)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)進(jin)行壓縮和放大(da)(da)，使(shi)(shi)無線(xian)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)更加穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)可(ke)(ke)靠。無線(xian)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)在(zai)弱電磁環境下也能(neng)保持(chi)(chi)(chi)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)好(hao)的(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)。無線(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)具有(you)發(fa)射功率小、抗(kang)千擾(rao)能(neng)力強(與有(you)線(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)比較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao))和抗(kang)電磁干擾(rao)能(neng)力強(與有(you)線(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)比較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao))的(de)特點。無線(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)講(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)發(fa)射信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)在(zai)發(fa)射前(qian)和發(fa)射后均能(neng)保持(chi)(chi)(chi)良好(hao)的(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)過程中，發(fa)射信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)與接收信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)完全(quan)不受(shou)任何千擾(rao)，可(ke)(ke)保持(chi)(chi)(chi)很好(hao)的(de)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，具有(you)良好(hao)的(de)抗(kang)千擾(rao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和抗(kang)低(di)頻(pin)干擾(rao)能(neng)力，即使(shi)(shi)在(zai)惡劣的(de)環境下也能(neng)保持(chi)(chi)(chi)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)好(hao)的(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)。因此(ci)無線(xian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高的(de)可(ke)(ke)靠性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。

2.功耗小(xiao)、不受天氣(qi)、濕(shi)度的影(ying)響

無線對(dui)(dui)講系(xi)統在不(bu)同(tong)的環境中(zhong)，無線通(tong)信設備(bei)(bei)和有(you)線通(tong)信設備(bei)(bei)一(yi)樣都要進行電(dian)(dian)能的消耗(hao)(hao)(hao)。當(dang)環境溫(wen)(wen)度在-40°C以(yi)下時(shi)，無線通(tong)信設備(bei)(bei)需要每(mei)(mei)天(tian)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)8小時(shi)左(zuo)右;當(dang)環境溫(wen)(wen)度為(wei)-20°C時(shi)，每(mei)(mei)天(tian)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)8小時(shi)左(zuo)右;當(dang)環境溫(wen)(wen)度為(wei)-30°C時(shi)，每(mei)(mei)天(tian)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)4小時(shi)左(zuo)右。目前市場上常見的無線對(dui)(dui)講系(xi)統有(you)兩種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)源輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)方式，一(yi)種(zhong)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)源輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)，另一(yi)種(zhong)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)源輸(shu)(shu)出。從這兩種(zhong)方式對(dui)(dui)系(xi)統的功耗(hao)(hao)(hao)來(lai)看，電(dian)(dian)源輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)方式的功耗(hao)(hao)(hao)更大一(yi)些，但(dan)是(shi)功耗(hao)(hao)(hao)很小。并(bing)且設備(bei)(bei)的工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)環境不(bu)同(tong)，對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)池的需求量也不(bu)同(tong)，所以(yi)功耗(hao)(hao)(hao)也不(bu)同(tong)。

3信號不受干擾

在一(yi)些有(you)干擾的(de)(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)，例如(ru)野外、機場(chang)、工廠等，一(yi)般(ban)(ban)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)方(fang)式。分(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)方(fang)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)干擾能(neng)(neng)力不(bu)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)，其抗(kang)(kang)干擾能(neng)(neng)力主要(yao)(yao)取決于(yu)射頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)功率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大小。分(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功率(lv)一(yi)般(ban)(ban)是(shi)50dB在50dB左右時(shi)(shi)，其抗(kang)(kang)干擾能(neng)(neng)力強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)。但由于(yu)分(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)干擾與(yu)(yu)噪聲(主要(yao)(yao)是(shi)周邊噪聲)具有(you)很強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)互通性，當(dang)分(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)發(fa)(fa)射的(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)超過50dB時(shi)(shi)，其抗(kang)(kang)千(qian)擾能(neng)(neng)力就會減弱。另外，在一(yi)些有(you)噪音的(de)(de)(de)(de)環境中使(shi)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)，會使(shi)分(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)無(wu)(wu)法到達發(fa)(fa)射端的(de)(de)(de)(de)接收(shou)機或者造成發(fa)(fa)射端信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)與(yu)(yu)接收(shou)端信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)糟合(he)而造成分(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)或干擾(例如(ru)在使(shi)用(yong)(yong)室外電話時(shi)(shi)) 。而采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)線對講系統(tong)由于(yu)發(fa)(fa)射功率(lv)小，分(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)比有(you)線對講系統(tong)高很多(在實(shi)際使(shi)用(yong)(yong)中分(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)設備一(yi)般(ban)(ban)可以將系統(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)分(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)到50dB以上),信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)不(bu)受干擾。如(ru)果采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)，需要(yao)(yao)在較大的(de)(de)(de)(de)回波(bo)功率(lv)下(xia)才能(neng)(neng)實(shi)現信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)工作(如(ru)分(fen)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)器發(fa)(fa)射信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)與(yu)(yu)接收(shou)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)重疊時(shi)(shi)產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)千(qian)擾)和發(fa)(fa)送信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)降(jiang)低(di)(同頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)帶內的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩只天線對同一(yi)信(xin)(xin)(xin)道(dao)傳輸(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)基(ji)本一(yi)致);如(ru)果采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)混響技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)，則可以實(shi)現對無(wu)(wu)線信(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)干擾的(de)(de)(de)(de)抑制或降(jiang)低(di)。