由于在(zai)戶(hu)外(wai)、室內等(deng)區域，無(wu)線(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)講系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)信(xin)號(hao)強(qiang)度(du)較(jiao)弱(ruo)，而且采用(yong)(yong)(yong)頻率調制(zhi)技術（如 MHZ、 NMR、 BSI等(deng)）產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)信(xin)號(hao)傳(chuan)輸時(shi)(shi)延大(da)，傳(chuan)輸距離遠。因(yin)此有(you)(you)線(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)講系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)不適合在(zai)戶(hu)外(wai)環(huan)境使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，特別是(shi)在(zai)冬(dong)天及低風速季(ji)節(jie)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。雖然無(wu)線(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)講系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)也有(you)(you)著不錯的(de)(de)效(xiao)果。但由于系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)工作(zuo)時(shi)(shi)會有(you)(you)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)干擾，使(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)講效(xiao)果下(xia)降，另外(wai)在(zai)信(xin)號(hao)較(jiao)弱(ruo)時(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)語(yu)音(yin)(yin)產(chan)生(sheng)了影響。特別是(shi)在(zai)人員復(fu)雜(za)、通(tong)信(xin)距離較(jiao)短或需要較(jiao)長時(shi)(shi)間使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)。因(yin)此，更需要有(you)(you)一(yi)個可靠的(de)(de)無(wu)線(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)講系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)提供(gong)與有(you)(you)線(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)講系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)樣的(de)(de)語(yu)音(yin)(yin)信(xin)息(xi)與控(kong)制(zhi)。無(wu)線(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)講系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)具有(you)(you)很(hen)高的(de)(de)靈活性，它能(neng)夠滿足現場(chang)中所有(you)(you)環(huan)境使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)需求并能(neng)隨時(shi)(shi)切換（如在(zai)野(ye)外(wai)、戶(hu)外(wai)電話等(deng)),用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)可以在(zai)任何地點使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)、隨時(shi)(shi)、隨地進行通(tong)訊。使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)方便、節(jie)省成本、節(jie)約費用(yong)(yong)(yong)。下(xia)面我們來了解一(yi)下(xia)無(wu)線(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)講系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)它主要是(shi)什么優點？

1.性能穩(wen)定，可靠性高(gao)

在(zai)(zai)相同(tong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)傳輸距離下(xia)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)傳輸信號(hao)(hao)(hao)更(geng)穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)由于使(shi)用(yong)了功率放大器來對(dui)(dui)無(wu)(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)信號(hao)(hao)(hao)進(jin)行壓縮和(he)放大，使(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)信號(hao)(hao)(hao)更(geng)加穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)可(ke)靠。無(wu)(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)信號(hao)(hao)(hao)在(zai)(zai)弱(ruo)電磁環(huan)境下(xia)也(ye)能(neng)(neng)保(bao)持(chi)較好(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)具有(you)發(fa)射(she)(she)(she)功率小、抗(kang)千擾(rao)能(neng)(neng)力強(qiang)(與(yu)(yu)有(you)線(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)比(bi)較)和(he)抗(kang)電磁干擾(rao)能(neng)(neng)力強(qiang)(與(yu)(yu)有(you)線(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)比(bi)較)的(de)特點(dian)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)系統(tong)(tong)發(fa)射(she)(she)(she)信號(hao)(hao)(hao)在(zai)(zai)發(fa)射(she)(she)(she)前和(he)發(fa)射(she)(she)(she)后均能(neng)(neng)保(bao)持(chi)良好(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)，使(shi)用(yong)過程中，發(fa)射(she)(she)(she)信號(hao)(hao)(hao)與(yu)(yu)接收信號(hao)(hao)(hao)完全不(bu)受任(ren)何千擾(rao)，可(ke)保(bao)持(chi)很好(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)性(xing)，具有(you)良好(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)抗(kang)千擾(rao)性(xing)和(he)抗(kang)低頻干擾(rao)能(neng)(neng)力，即(ji)使(shi)在(zai)(zai)惡劣(lie)的(de)環(huan)境下(xia)也(ye)能(neng)(neng)保(bao)持(chi)較好(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)。因此無(wu)(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)系統(tong)(tong)有(you)較高的(de)可(ke)靠性(xing)。

2.功耗小、不受天氣、濕度的影響

無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系統(tong)在(zai)不同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)環(huan)境(jing)中，無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)通信設備(bei)和有(you)線(xian)(xian)通信設備(bei)一樣(yang)都要進行(xing)電(dian)能(neng)的(de)(de)消耗。當環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度在(zai)-40°C以(yi)下時(shi)，無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)通信設備(bei)需要每(mei)天(tian)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)8小時(shi)左右;當環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度為(wei)-20°C時(shi)，每(mei)天(tian)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)8小時(shi)左右;當環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度為(wei)-30°C時(shi)，每(mei)天(tian)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)4小時(shi)左右。目前市場上常見(jian)的(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)線(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)講(jiang)(jiang)系統(tong)有(you)兩種(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)源(yuan)輸(shu)入方式(shi)，一種(zhong)(zhong)是電(dian)源(yuan)輸(shu)入，另(ling)一種(zhong)(zhong)是電(dian)源(yuan)輸(shu)出。從這兩種(zhong)(zhong)方式(shi)對(dui)(dui)系統(tong)的(de)(de)功(gong)耗來看，電(dian)源(yuan)輸(shu)入方式(shi)的(de)(de)功(gong)耗更大一些(xie)，但(dan)是功(gong)耗很小。并且設備(bei)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)環(huan)境(jing)不同(tong)(tong)，對(dui)(dui)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)需求量也不同(tong)(tong)，所以(yi)功(gong)耗也不同(tong)(tong)。

3信號不受干擾

在一些(xie)有(you)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)的(de)(de)地方(fang)，例如野外(wai)、機(ji)(ji)場(chang)、工廠等，一般(ban)采用分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)。分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)抗(kang)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能力(li)不強(qiang)(qiang)，其(qi)(qi)抗(kang)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能力(li)主要取(qu)決于射(she)(she)(she)頻(pin)(pin)功率(lv)的(de)(de)大(da)小(xiao)。分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)功率(lv)一般(ban)是50dB在50dB左右時(shi)，其(qi)(qi)抗(kang)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)能力(li)強(qiang)(qiang)。但由(you)于分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)與噪聲(sheng)(sheng)(主要是周邊噪聲(sheng)(sheng))具有(you)很強(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)互(hu)通性，當(dang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)發(fa)(fa)射(she)(she)(she)的(de)(de)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)超(chao)過50dB時(shi)，其(qi)(qi)抗(kang)千(qian)擾(rao)(rao)能力(li)就會減(jian)弱。另外(wai)，在一些(xie)有(you)噪音的(de)(de)環境中(zhong)(zhong)使用分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)，會使分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)無(wu)(wu)法到達發(fa)(fa)射(she)(she)(she)端(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)接收機(ji)(ji)或者造成發(fa)(fa)射(she)(she)(she)端(duan)(duan)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)與接收端(duan)(duan)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)糟(zao)合而造成分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)或干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(例如在使用室外(wai)電話時(shi)) 。而采用分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)線對講(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)由(you)于發(fa)(fa)射(she)(she)(she)功率(lv)小(xiao)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)后的(de)(de)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)強(qiang)(qiang)度比有(you)線對講(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)高(gao)很多(在實(shi)際使用中(zhong)(zhong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)設備一般(ban)可以將系(xi)統(tong)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)到50dB以上),信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)不受(shou)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)。如果(guo)采用分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)，需要在較大(da)的(de)(de)回波功率(lv)下才能實(shi)現信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)工作(如分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)頻(pin)(pin)器發(fa)(fa)射(she)(she)(she)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)與接收信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)重疊時(shi)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)千(qian)擾(rao)(rao))和發(fa)(fa)送信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)強(qiang)(qiang)度降(jiang)低(同頻(pin)(pin)帶內(nei)的(de)(de)兩(liang)只天線對同一信(xin)道傳輸(shu)的(de)(de)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)強(qiang)(qiang)度基本一致);如果(guo)采用混響技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)，則可以實(shi)現對無(wu)(wu)線信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)的(de)(de)抑制或降(jiang)低。